前言:一篇好文章的誕生,需要你不斷地搜集資料、整理思路,本站小編為你收集了豐富的初一英語試卷主題范文,僅供參考,歡迎閱讀并收藏。
一.語言知識綜合運用(共20分)
A. 按要求寫出下列單詞(每空1分,共10分)
1.too(同音詞) 2. photo(復(fù)數(shù)) 3. he(名詞性物主代詞)
4. story(復(fù)數(shù)) 5. these(對應(yīng)詞) 6. watch(復(fù)數(shù))
7. sister(對應(yīng)詞) 8. I(賓格) 9. come on!(英譯漢)
10.they are ( 縮寫)
B.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(每空1分,共10分)
11. What are _______ (this)?
12. _______(be) these your apples?
13. She is _______(we) English teacher.
14. He is a new student. I don’t know_______(he).
15. Some pictures ______ (be) on the wall(墻)
16.My ______( 鑰匙 ) are on the table.
17.Please_______ ( 帶來 )your dictionary to school tomorrow.
18.I have a r_______.I like living in it.
19.We have a new_______ ( 模型 ).
20.These are my _______( 照片 ) .
二. 單項選擇(每小題2分,滿分40分)
( )21. –Hi, Lucy. Nice to meet you. –Hi, Jim. _______.
A. Fine, thank you B. Nice to meet you,too. C. Good morning D. How do you do
( )22. –Do you know how to _______this word? –Yes, B-A-L-L.
A. spell B. read C. see D. meet
( )123. –Where _______ the tapes? –_______ on the bed.
A. is; It’s B. are; They C. are; They’re D. is; It
( )24. This is my little sister. _______ name is Jenny, we all like_______.
A. She; she B. Her; her C. She; her D. Her; she
( )25. — ___________________
— It’s 3307-0602. You can call me in the evening.
A. What’s your name? B. Do you have a telephone?
C. What’s your phone number? D. Where is my phone?.
( )26 There is a computer _______ the desk.
A. on B. in C. under D. for
( )27. _________. Is this your pen?
A. Sorry B. Hello C. Hi D. Excuse me
( )28. This song sounds _______ , I like it.
A. good B. bad C. well D. badly
( )29. I can see books. books are on the table.
A. a, The B. some, The C.the, Some D. the, The
( )30. It is not shirt. is in the bag.
A. her, Her B.mine, My C. your, Your D. his, His
( )31. This is eye and that is nose.
A. a, a B. an, a C.a, an D. a, an
( )32. — Are those your brothers?
— .
A.Yes,they're B.No,they are
C.Yes,they aren't D. Yes, they are
( )33. What’s this English?
A.to B. for C. at D. in
( )34. —Your jacket is very beautiful(漂亮的).
— .
A.Where B. No C. Thank you D. Good
( )35. —Are you good friends?
— Yes, .
A. I am B. we are C. we are not D. they are
( )36. —This is your dictionary. Here you are.
—Thank you very much.
— .
A. Thank you, too B. That’s all right
C. All right D. That’s right.
( )37. This is _______room.
A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily’s D. Lucy’s and Lily
( )38. — Is your father a teacher?
— .
A. Yes, I am B. No,you isn’t C. Yes, he is D. Yes, I’m
( )39.Sam and Mike aren’t at school. are they?
A. How B.What C.Where D.Who
( )40. —Whose(誰的)is the ruler? —It’s not .It’s .
A. my;his B. mine;your C. my;hers D. his;hers
三、句子搭配(共10分)
( )41. How are you? A. Yes, it is.
( )42. What is this in English? B. They are in the pencil case.
( )43. Nice to meet you! C. She is my sister.
( )44. Is Tom your brother? D. No,they aren’t.
( )45. where are the pens? E. Nice to meet you, too.
( )46. Are those his parents? F. Green.
( )47. What’s her family name? G. It’s a dictionary.
( )48. Happy birthday to you! H. Yes, he is.
【導(dǎo)語】下面是
二、單項選擇 (15分)( ) 1. What time do you get up _____Sunday morning?A. in B. on C. at D .for( ) 2. My parents and I like______music.A.listen B. listening C. listening to D. to listen( ) 3. Betty and Tony go to the same school, but they are in different _____.A.class B. grade C. grades D. group( )4. Mr. Zhang teaches _____Chinese. We like ______class very much..A. my,her B. me, his C. our,his D.us,his( )5. ---Is Sally from America?---No. Sally is an _______girl,but she’s in _______now..A .America; England B. English;AmericaC.American;English D. England;America( )6. ---______English classes do you have every week?---Five.A. How often B. How long C. How much D.How many( )7.---_______________?---He is a worker..A. Who is your father B. Where is your fatherC. What is your father D. How is your father( )8. --- Is this your bike?--- No, . It's bike.A. this isn't, Li Lei's B. this is, Li Lei'sC. it isn't, Li Lei's D. it is, Li Lei's( )9. ---- ________ is Peter? ---- He's in the reading room .A. Who B. Where C. How D. What( )10. ----What’s thirteen and four? Can you ______ me?---Yes. It’s seventeen.A. say B. tell C. speak D. talk( )11. ---____your pen friend_____Chinese now?---Yes. He studies very hard.A. Do, study B. Does, studyingC. Are , studies D .Is ,studying( )12. ----Who’s this man in the picture? ----_______.A. He is forty B. He has a long nose.C. He is from Japan. D. He is my teacher.( )13.Lisa is good at _____.A. draws B.drawing C.to draw D.draw( )14. There ______ many apples on the tree.A. are B. is C. am D. be( )15. Look!People _____ in the water.A. swim B. swimsC. are swim D. are swimming三、完形填空(10分)Hi! I’m Alex Greenall. I’m thirteen and I go to Park school in Oxford, England. I go to school _______(1) weekdays, but not on Saturday and Sunday. This is my school day. I ________(2) at half past seven in the morning, and then have breakfast. My school is _______(3) my house. I go to school at half past eight and see my friends. We start work _______(4) nine o’clock. We have three lessons in the morning. _______(5) favourite subject is art. At eleven o’ clock, we ________(6) in the playground and I talk ______(7) my friends. They go to the playground and play football, _______(8) I don’t like football. We have lunch in the dining hall at half past twelve. I like school lunch! We have meat and rice with vegetable, or hamburgers. I drink juice _________(9) water. We start lessons in the afternoon at half past one. We have two lessons in the afternoon. Then we go home at half past three. In the evening, I watch TV and have dinner _____(10) my family. I do my homework and go to bed at ten o’clock.( ) 1. A. in B. at C. on D. from( ) 2. A. get up B. gets up C. getting up D. am getting up( ) 3. A. next B. in front C. next to D. behind of( ) 4. A. in B. on C. for D. at( ) 5. A. I B. me C. My D. Mine( ) 6. A. have break B. have a break C. has break D. has a break( ) 7. A. about B. for C. to D. in( ) 8. A. and B. because C. so D. but( ) 9. A. or B. and C. with D. in( ) 10. A. and B. for C. of D. with四、閱讀理解(15分)(A)AnimalsThe elephant lives in Africa and in Asia. This elephant lives in Africa. It eats plants , lleaves, bamboo and a little fruit, but it doesn’t eat meat. It likes water. There are only about 1,800 pandas in China and about 200 of them live in zoos. The panda eats about 30 kilos of bamboo a day, as well as plants and leaves. This black and white animal is the favourite. The zebra is an African animal. Like the panda, it’s black and white. It eats plants and leaves, as well as grass, but the zebra doesn’t eat bamboo. The tiger lives in Asia. It’s a very large animal and usually lives alone. It likes water and is good at swimming. It’s strong and catches many kinds of animals for food.. Monkeys live in Africa, Asia and America. There are about 200 kinds of monkeys. Monkeys eat meat, leaves, fruit and even eggs.( ) 1. Where does the elephant live?__________________________________________________________________________( ) 2 What colour is the zebra?___________________________________________________________________________( ) 3 What does the tiger like?__________________________________________________________________________( ) 4 How many kinds of monkeys are there ?________________________________________________________________________(B)We do the shopping(購物)on Sundays. I often go to the supermarket(超市)with my mother on Sunday morning in a car. Father likes red apples very much. So we buy some red apples for him. Mother likes yellow bananas. The oranges are very nice. Mother buys some for me. I like oranges very much.There are many vegetables. They are very nice. We buy some tomatoes and carrots. After shopping, we have some milk, some bread and some ice cream. And then we go back home.( ) 1What does mother like?A. oranges B. apples C. bananas D. pears( ) 2Mother buys some oranges for _________.A. us B. me C. her D. him( ) 3 After shopping, _____________.A. we go back home B. we have some foodC. we have some apples D. We only(僅僅) have some ice cream(C)“ Sam? Are you still in bed?” Mrs. Blake is shouting. There is no answer. Mrs. Blake puts down her book and goes to her 13-year-old son’s room. Sam is sitting in front of the computer screen. A colourful dg is jumping and shouting on the screen. “ Oh, Sam! You are still playing on that computer. It’s half past eleven. If you don’t go to bed now, you’ll be very tired tomorrow.” “ But I am playing with the dog. It’s a very interesting game.” Says Sam. Mrs. Blake can see the excitement (激動) on her son’s face and she sits down beside him. “ You are always playing on that computer.” She says with a smile. “ I’m sure this is a great game. But I’m afraid you are spending too much time on it.”( ) 1. The story happens _________.A. before Sam goes to school in the morning. B. before Sam goes to bed at nightC. after Mrs. Blake has a talk with Sam D. in the afternoon after school( ) 2. In the story we know Sam is very excited because __________.A. he has got a new computer B. his mother is asking him to go to bed.C. his mother is asking him to go to bed D. he is watching an interesting movie.( ) 3. Mrs. Blake thinks __________.A. Sam shouldn’t play on the computer B. Sam is good at playing the computer gamesC. Sam can sometimes go to bed late D. Sam should go to bed at the moment.五、看音標(biāo)寫單詞(10分)1. [ɡreid] ______________ 2. [ˈfəutəu] _____________ 3. [ru:m] ___________ 4. [həum]__________5. [laik] __________ 6. [əˈləun] ___________ 7. [keik] __________ 8. [lain] ___________9. [kuk] __________ 10. [meik] ______________六、完成句子(10分)1. 請收起你的衣服。Please _______ _______ your clothes.2. 卡爾想在周末去動物園。Karl wants to go to the zoo ______ ________.3. 我可以在下一站下車嗎?Can I ______ ______ the bus at the next stop?4. 我在哪等你呢?Where can I ______ _______ you?5. 那邊有很多椅子。There are many chairs ______ ______.七、補全對話(5分)Lingling: How do I write my homework on the computer? ________________________?(1)Betty: Sure! First, open a new document. Click the mouse on “ new document”.Lingling: What’s the mouse? Is this it?Betty: Yes.Lingling: __________________________________?(2)Betty: On the left of the screen… there!Lingling: OK, What’s next?Betty: Next, you write your homework in the new document. Use the keyboard.Lingling: What do I do next? _______________________________?(3)Betty: You click “ save”, and write a name for it.Lingling: _________________________________?(4)Betty: Write it in the box. OK, then click “save” again.Lingling: OK. Finally, ________________________________?(5)Betty: Click “ print” and “OK”.Lingling: What about some paper?Betty: Oh, yes, of course! You put the paper in there first!八、綜合填空(10分)I’m a m_______(1) school student. I go to school e______ (2)morning except(除了) S_______ (3)and Sundays. My home is n_____ (4)the school so I w_____(5) to school.. I have to g_____(6) up early. School s______(7) at 4:30 pm. I u_______ (8)play basketball with my friends. I like it very much. I think Yao Min is the b_____ (9)player in China. I w_____(10) I could be a good player like him.九、書面表達(一)連詞成句(5分)1. are, not, people, dinner, having (.) ________________________________________________________2. sometimes, birthday, cards, we, give (.) ____________________________________________________3. we, any, chocolate, have, got(?)_______________________________________________________4. )do, I , what, next, do (?) ________________________________________________________5. these, grandparents, your, are (?) ________________________________________________( 二) 寫作(10分)
請你以時間順序簡要介紹你一天的生活(包括起床、吃早餐、上學(xué)、中餐、放學(xué)、游戲、回家、吃飯、作業(yè)及睡覺等)。要求:1、字?jǐn)?shù):60左右2、能基本表述上面的內(nèi)容。3、書寫規(guī)范,語言生動,準(zhǔn)確無誤。4、用第一人稱表述。(不得出現(xiàn)本人或?qū)W校的真實名字)
一、詞組互譯(15分)
(一)英漢互譯(10分)
l.敲……_________2.celebrateChrstmas_________
3.對……搞惡作劇_________4.takehimforawalk_________
5.裝扮成_________6.trickortreat_________
7.兒童節(jié)_________8.Teachers’Day_________
9.你最喜愛的節(jié)日_________10.paintourfaces_________
(二)用上面的詞組填空(5分)
1.Thechildrenlike_________others.
2.Howdothepeople_________?
3.Whatisyour_________?
4.Youcan_________afterlunch.
5.AtHalloweenweoften_________.
二、詞匯(15分)
(一)根據(jù)漢語提示及句意寫出單詞(5分)
1.Boysandgirls,letk_________(fJl~)ThanksgivingDaytogether.
2.Tomgetslotsof_________(禮物)fromhisfriendsonhisbirthday.
3.Thefilmisso_________(有趣的)thatwealllikeitverymuch.
4._________(12月)isthetwelfthmonthoftheyear.
5.Howmany_________(圖書館)arethereinyourhornetown?
(二)根據(jù)首字母提示及句意寫出單詞(5分)
6.M_________isthethirdmonthoftheyear.
7.Nextweekwe’11gotoLondonforah_________.
8.Don’ts_________intheclassroom.Yourclassmatesaredoingtheirhomework.
9.一Whichisyourfavouritef_________?
一ChineseNewYear.
10.AtHalloweenmanypeoplewears_________costumewithmasks.
(三)用所給單詞的正確形式完成句子(5分)
11.—_________(Who)lanternisit?It’sDavid’s.
12.Youcan’tgotothemuseumbecauseitis_________(close)today.
13.We_________(notcelebrate)ChristmasinChina.WecelebrateChineseNewYear.
14.Timgoestoseehisparents_________(two)ayear.
15.It’smy_________(one)timetocometoChina.Ilikeitverymuch.
三、單項選擇(10分)
()1.一Hobo,whatareyoudoing?
一I’m_________asaMonkeyKing.
A.celebratingB.dressingupC.1ookingD.excited
()2.Theymake_________dragonboatseveryyear.
A.owntheirB.ownC.themownD.theirown
()3.Canyoumakealantern_________apumpkin?
A.inB.toC.fromD.outof
()4.一Whatareyougoingtobuy?
一Some_________.TomorrowisEaster.
A.ricedumplingsB.mooncakes
C.chocolateeggsD.pumpkinlanterns
()5.一_________areyoubuyingsomuchfood?
一Becauseyouruncleiscomingfordinner.
A.WhatB.HowC.WhereD.Why
()6.一Whereisyourfriend?
一I_________he’sathome.
A.1ookatB.knowC.seeD.think
()7.Theywillhaveaparty_________theeveningofOctoberl.
A.inB.a(chǎn)tC.onD./
()8.Ireadthenewspaper_________breakfast.
A.a(chǎn)sB.forC.a(chǎn)tD.in
()9.Eachstudent_________tomakeaposter.
A.haveB.hasC.hadD.tohave
()10.Whatdoyoudo_________NationalDay?
A.inB.forC.withD.by
四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(10分,20空)
1.Thereisonlyonewomanteacherinthathospital.(改為復(fù)數(shù)句)
Therearemany__________________inthathospital.
2.TheB1ackswillstayinBeijingforaweek.(對劃線部分提問)
__________________willtheBlacksstayinBeijing?
3.Katedoeswellindrawing.(改為一般疑問句)
_________Kate_________wellindrawing?
4.Therewillbeawonderfulfootballmatchthisevening.(改為否定句)
There__________________awonderfulfootballmatchthisevening.
5.It,syourturntohavearest.(對劃線部分提問)
_________turnis_________tohavearest?
6.Thewomaninredrunsquicklyinthematch.(對劃線部分提問)
__________________runsquicklyinthematch?
7.MaryalwayslendsJerryherbicycle.(改為同義句)
Jerryalways________thebicycle________Mary.
8.Mymother’sbirthdayisonMayDay.(改為同義句)
Mymother________________onMayDay.
9.ChinesepeopleinAmericaliveinaplace.TheycalltheplaceChinatown.(合并成一句)
ChinesepeopleinAmericaliveinaplace________________.
10.Doyouwanttogoshoppingthisweekend?(改為同義句)
________you________togoshoppingthisweekend?
五、根據(jù)中文補全句子(10分,10題)
1.Kitty戴眼鏡。
_________________________________________________________________
2.在西方,人們用許多方式慶祝自己的生日。
__________________________________________________________________
3.他們喜歡在萬圣節(jié)那天化妝。
Theyenjoy________________________Halloween.
4.請不要開他的玩笑。
Pleasedon’t________a________________him.
5.謝謝你告訴我關(guān)于我兒子的學(xué)習(xí)情況。
Thanks________________me________myson’sstudy.
6.我不知道誰在家,咱們敲敲門。
Idon’tknowwhoisathome.Let’s________________________________.
7.中國有許多不同的節(jié)日。
Therearemany________________inChina.
8.Amy經(jīng)常傍晚帶她的小狗去散步。
Amyoften________herlittledog________________.
9.七年級一班的同學(xué)喜歡在吃午飯時聽音樂。
TheClass1,Grade7students________________________________________.
10.他們認(rèn)為萬圣節(jié)是個非常特殊的節(jié)日。
TheythinkHalloweenis______________________________________________.
六、單句改錯(5分,5題)
()_______1.一Wouldyoulikeanymooncakes?一No,thanks.
ABCD
()_______2.Wehavealotsofhomeworktodoeveryday.
ABCD
()_______3.Simonlikeschocolateseggsverymuch.
ABCD
()_______4.ChristmasisonDecember25thonwinter.
ABCD
()_______5.Peoplegivechildrensweetswithatreat.
ABCD
七、選擇句子補全對話(5分,5題)
A:Hello,Kate.Iwanttogotothepark.1.
B:Youcanputitnearthegate.
A:Excuseme.CanIbringmybagtothepark?
B:2.
A:CanIeatsnackshere?
B:3Lookatthesign.
B:4Ilikefootball.
B:Sorry,youcan’t.
A:WhatcanIdothen?
B:5
A.No,youcan’t.
B.CanIplayfootballhere?
C.WherecanIparkmybike?
D.Yas,youcan.
E.Youcandanceandsingunderthetree.
F.Itdoesn’tmatter.
八、完形填空(10分)
Halloweenfalls1October31st.Itisoneofthemostfavouriteholidaysfor
2intheUSA.People3incostumelikeawitch,aghostoraskeleton.Thechildrengotohouses4“trickortreat”.Longago,5achildwasnotgood,heorshewouldgetatricklike6astoneinhisorherbaginsteadofsomecandyPartiesarealsopopular7theevening.Peoplegotoparties8costumesandplaydifferent9.Peoplealsolike10toghoststoriesandwatchingscarymovies.
()1.A.inB.onC.a(chǎn)tD./
()2.A.childB.childrenC.childsD.childrens
()3.A.1ooklikeB.1ikesC.dressD.dressup
()4.A.tosayB.sayC.saysD.said
()5.A.a(chǎn)ndB.ifC.a(chǎn)sD.but
()6.A.havingB.tohaveC.hasD.Have
()7.A.inB.a(chǎn)tC.ofD.on
()8.A.withB.inC.a(chǎn)tD.of
()9.A.a(chǎn)gameB.gamesC.thegameD.a(chǎn)ngame
()10.A.1istenB.1istensC.tolistensD.1istening
九、閱讀理解(10分)
(A)
IntheUnitedStates,everyyear,ThanksgivingDayisonthefourthThursdayofNovember.BecauseCanadaiSnorthoftheUnitedStates,andiscolder.Theharvestcomesearlierintheyear.InCanada,peoplehaveThanksgivingDayonthesecondMondayinOctober.
Theharvestbringsalotoffoodtothepeople.OnThanksgivingDaypeopleinCanadaandAmericaliketohaveabigmealwiththeirfriendsandfamilyjustlikeChinesepeopledoatMid—AutumnFestival.ManyCanadiansandAmericansputflowers,vegetablesandfruitsaroundtheirhomestosay“Thankyou”fortheharvest.
AtaThanksgivingDaydinner,manyCanadiansandAmericanswilleatturkey,pota—
toes,andpumpkinspie.Thesearefoodlikethefoodofmanyyearsago.TheyaresayingThankyou”fortheharvestthatcomeseveryyear.
()1.WhichcountryhastheThanksgivingDayliketheUnitedStates?
A.Japan.B.China.
C.Canada.D.Korea.
()2.IntheUnitedStates,ThanksgivingisonthefourthThursdayof_________.
A.JanuaryB.May
C.NovemberD.December
()3.CanadahasThanksgivingearlierintheyearbecause_________.
A.they1ikeflowersB.theharvestcomeearlier
C.theyhaveabigmealD.theywanttobedifferent
()4.Theharvestbringstopeople.
A.flowersB.turkeys
C.foodD.pumpkins
()5.WhatdopeopleusuallysayonThanksgivingDayfortheharvest?
A.Goodmorning.B.I’mhungry.
C.Hello.D.Thankyou.
(B)
DearMike,
Wegotyourletteryesterday.Yes,wecanvisityouatChristmas.Wethoughttospend
(度)Christmasathome,butnowwearegoingtobewithyou.Jackwillnotbeinschool
then
TheweatherinChicagoiscold,butitdoesn’tmatter.Sometimeswelikethesnow.
Wegotourplanetickets.Wewillgettoyourcityonthe18th.Wewillstaywithyou
fortwoweeks.Isthatallrightwithyou?
We’11takeourfavouriterecipes(食譜),sowecanhaveaniceChristmasdinner.
Seeyousoon.
Love
MumandDad
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~完成下面句子:
1.InChicago,itis______________________________now.
2.Mikehasabrothercalled_____________________.Heisinschoolnow.
3.Mike’sparentswillgotohiscityby________________________.
4.Hisparentswillcomebackon___________________31st.
5.Mikeandhisparentswill___________anicedinneronChristmasDay.
十、書面表達(10分)
( )1 Kate and I doing homework now.
A、am, their B、are, their C、is, our D、are, our
( )2 My father a new car. He it very much.
A、have, like B、has, likes
C、has, like D、have, likes
( )3 It is day. The children are playing in the garden.
A、fine B、the fine C、a fine D、an fine
( )4 — Mimi cute?— Yes, I think so.
A. Doesn’t B. Don’t C. Aren’t D. Isn’t
( )5 -Are you English or American? - .
A、Yes, I am B、I’m American
C、No, I’m not D、Yes, you are
( )6. Please call me 536--6988.
A. of B. in C. at D. the
( )7 Are you good at ? Yes, we are.
A、swim B、swimming C、a swim D、play football
( )8. What ____ he _____? He is a reporter.
A. do, do B. is, does C. is, doing D. does do
( )9 . He likes _________ and _________
A. sing, dance B. to singing, dancing
C. singing, dancing D. to sing, dance
( )10 .-Can you speak English? -Yes, but only______.
A. a few B. a little C. a lot D. many
( )11. He helps his friends _______ their English.
A. in B. at C. to D. with
( )12. Where _______ Michael _______ from?
A. does, comes B. does, come C. do, come D. do, comes
( )13. His uncle ______ in that bank _______ a clerk.
A. work, as B. works, for C. work, for D. works, as
( )14. Is Green Street a good place _______?
A. have fun B. have funny
C. to have fun D. to have funny
( ) 15. –Do you like giraffes? --Yes, I do. I think they’re _________.
A. ugly B. smart C. terrible D. scary
( ) 16. Listen! They ________ about the movie. Let’s join them.
A. are talking B. talk C. talking D. are talk
( ) 17. We have a ________ boy in our class.
A. English B. American C. Australian D. Japanese
( ) 18. I sit ________ Tom and Jackin the classroom.
A. between B. in C. among D. after
( ) 19. Go straight this street and ________ , you can see the post office.
A. turn the left B. turn to right C. turn left D. turn the right
( )20 At the ______ of this term, Tom works very hard.
A. begin B. begining C. begins D. beginning
Ⅱ 完型填空 (每空1分,共10分)
John is a young worker. He works in a pencil factory. He isn't tall. He's clever. He works _1_ .He does everything __2__.John's father works on a farm. He's very __3____ all day. John's mother helps __4___ John loves his parents. John __5____ a brother and a sister. His brother works on the farm. He drives the truck. He 6 the milk to the shop every day. He likes farm work. He doesn't like 7 in the factory. His sister is a teacher. She can 8 English and Chinese. She loves her pupils and the pupils love her, 9. They work hard 10 the people.
( ) 1. A. hardly B. hard C. difficult D. difficulty
( ) 2. A. good B. bad C. well D. nice
( ) 3. A. free B. busy C. buy D. work
( ) 4. A. her B. him C. his D. he
( ) 5. A. has B. have C. is D. are
( ) 6. A. brings B. takes C. gives D. lets
( ) 7. A. to work B. to working C. work D. works
( ) 8. A. study B. say C. teach D. think
( ) 9. A. as well as B. too C. also D. two
( ) 10. A. to B. for C. with D. of
Ⅲ 補全對話: 從方框中的7個句子選取5個適當(dāng)?shù)木渥犹钊肟瞻滋帯?每空2分,共10分)
A. What are they doing? B. What about Jack?
C. Let's go and find them. D. They are over there.
E. How are David and Jack? F. What are they wearing?
G. I can't find David and Jack.
A: Excuse me, Tom. 1
B: Oh, we must find them. 2
A: Well, David is wearing black pants and a white shirt.
B: 3 Is he wearing the same clothes?
A: No. He is wearing blue pants and a brown shirt.
B: Right! 4
A: Oh, look! There are some boys on the playground.
B: 5
A: I think they are playing football.
B: Yes, you are right. David and Jack must be over there.
Ⅳ 閱讀理解(每空2分,共30分)
A
Look at the nice picture. Do you know the girl in a hat with flowers on it? Her name is Mary. Mary is a nice French girl, my new pen pal. She lives in Paris. I like Mary. I don't know French, and Mary doesn't know Chinese. But we know some English. So we write to each other in English. We are the same age, 13 years old. My favorite subject is math. But her favorite subject is history. We both like basketball very much. She lives with her parents. She is their only child. She likes going to movies on weekends. She likes cartoons best.
She hopes to come to China this summer. And I hope to see her soon.
( ) 1. Mary is a (n) ____________ girl.
A. English B. Chinese C. French D. Japanese
( ) 2. Where does Mary live?
A. She lives in London. B. She lives in Pairs.
C. She lives in China. D. She lives in New York.
( ) 3. How old is Mary?
A. She is 14. B. She is 12. C. She is 11. D. She is 13.
( ) 4. What's Mary's favorite subject?
A. Her favorite subject is math. B. Her favorite subject is history.
C. Her favorite subject is English. D. Her favorite subject is French.
( ) 5. Which is RIGHT about Mary?
A. She has two brothers in her family.
B. She goes to the movies on weekends.
C. She dislikes cartoons.
D. She likes football very much.
B
It's Tuesday afternoon. All the boys and girls are doing all kinds of things.
Kate is cleaning the classroom with her classmates. Some are sweeping the floor. Others are cleaning the windows and the doors.
Some boys are playing on the playground. Li Ming and David are playing football, Some are playing basketball. Some are throwing a yo-yo. Others are flying a kite. Tom, Li Lei, Jack and some girls are planting trees near the lake.
Tom and Jack are digging(挖). Some are planting. Some are watering the trees. Li Lei is strong, so he is carrying water.
How hard all these students are working! They are helping to make our school beautiful.
( ) 6. Where are the students and the teachers?
A. They are at home. B. They are at work.
C. They are at school. D. They are outside (外面) the school.
( ) 7. What's Kate doing?
A. She is playing football. B. She is playing basketball.
C. She is throwing a yo-yo. D. She is cleaning the classroom.
( ) 8. Who are playing football?
A. Li Ming and David. D. Li Lei and Jack.
C. Li Lei and Tom. D. Tom and Jack.
( )9 Where is Tom working?
A. He is on the playground, B. He is near the lake.
C. He is in the classroom. D. He is at home.
( )10. What does the underlined word "strong" mean?
A.高的 B. 矮的 C. 強壯的 D.好的
C
Many children like watching TV'. It's very interesting and they can see a lot and know many things about other people. They can also learn from the radio. But they can learn easily with TV. Why? Because they can hear and watch at the same time. But they can't watch anything from the radio. TV helps to open children's mind ( 思想 ).They can find better ways to do things.
Many children watch TV only on Saturday and Sunday mornings. They are very busy. But some children watch TV every night. They go to bed late. It's not good for their eyes and health.
( ) 11. Children like watching TV, because it's ¬¬¬ .
A. boring B. interesting
C. dangerous D. good
( ) 12. When we learn from the radio, we can ________.
A. hear and watch at the same time B. only watch
C. only hear D. can only see
( ) 13.TV helps to open children's ___________.
A. mind B. hands C. feet D. eyes
( ) 14.Some children don't often watch TV, because they are _________.
A. free B. not interested C. busy D. tired
( ) 15. It's very_______ for us to watch TV too much.
A. good B. nice C. bad D. not bad
Ⅴ 詞匯填空 (每空1分,共10分)
1 —What’re you doing? —I (寫) stories.
2. The old man has lots of (錢)
3 Koala bears like sleeping and eating _________(樹葉).
4 It's _________ (下雨).We can't go out.
5 In _______________(第二張) photo, I’m with Tom.
6 Lucy looks very _________(輕松).
7. My brother wants to be a ____________(警察).
8 Tigers and pandas are my favorite ___________(動物).
9 How’s the ___________(天氣) in Beijing ?
10 In our class __________(每個人) has a dictionary.
Ⅵ 連詞成句(每題2分,共10分)
1 there , people , here , are , many, vacation, on
____________________________________________.
2 I ,a , China, want, pen pal, in
____________________________________________.
3 it’s , left, street, on ,the, center, down
____________________________________________.
4 there, pay, a , is, phone
__________________________________________?
5 he, is , where , basketball, playing
___________________________________________?
書面表達(10分)
假如今天是星期天,你們?nèi)嗳チ斯珗@,請描述天氣情況、活動內(nèi)容及自己的感受。
參 考 答 案
Ⅰ 單項選擇 (每空1分,共20分)
1-5 DBCDB 6-10CBDCB
11-15 DBDCB 16-20 ADACD
Ⅱ 完型填空 (每空1分,共10分)
1-5BCBBA 6-10 BACCB
Ⅲ 補全對話: 從方框中的7個句子選取5個適當(dāng)?shù)木渥犹钊肟瞻滋帯?(每空2分,共10分)
1-5 GFBCA
Ⅳ 閱讀理解(每空2分,共30分)
1-5 DBDBB
6-10 CDABC
11-15 BCACC
Ⅴ 詞匯填空 (每空1分,共10分)
1 is writing 2 money 3 leaves 4 raining 5 the second
6 relaxed 7 policeman 8 animals 9 weather 10 everyone
Ⅵ 連詞成句(每題2分,共10分)
1 There are many people here on vacation.
2 I want a pen pal in China.
3 It’s down Center Street on the left.
4 Is there a pay phone?
一、細心備課
教師應(yīng)按規(guī)定制定短期的教學(xué)工作計劃。在認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)教育教學(xué)理論和專業(yè)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,教師備課要做到“八備”,即:備課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),備教材,備學(xué)生,備教案,備教法、學(xué)法,備教學(xué)器材,備情感、態(tài)度、價值觀和備習(xí)題。教師應(yīng)該認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)所教學(xué)科的課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),理解課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的指導(dǎo)思想,用創(chuàng)新的思維和理念指導(dǎo)教學(xué)實踐。同時,教師應(yīng)明確重點章節(jié)和重點課文,做到全盤統(tǒng)籌,安排和實現(xiàn)好授課計劃。
教案要按課時來編寫,教師上課必須有教案,并且要獨立完成,寫教案要詳細,而且教案必須要包括下列的內(nèi)容:教學(xué)目標(biāo)、教學(xué)分析、教學(xué)方法、板書設(shè)計、課外作業(yè)布置和教學(xué)后記等。教師要全面的理解學(xué)生,理解所教年(班)級學(xué)生的生理和心理狀況,理解學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)目的、學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度、知識基礎(chǔ),智力狀況和接受能力等,在這些基礎(chǔ)上,研究分層次教學(xué)。
就英語來說,涉及到了詞匯、句型、短語和語法等知識點的整理、歸納和總結(jié)。在此當(dāng)中,所有的知識點大部分都歸納在語法的范圍之內(nèi)。老師需要在備課的過程中以認(rèn)真的、集中的狀態(tài)來備好這一節(jié)課。如果光是依照課本籠統(tǒng)的提到的句型或詞匯,表面的來講課是遠遠不夠的。這樣的課堂會顯得很單調(diào),學(xué)生會學(xué)不到系統(tǒng)性的知識,從而對課堂產(chǎn)生厭倦感,甚至討厭學(xué)習(xí)英語。那么,老師應(yīng)該怎么做呢?
這時,老師就需要查閱相關(guān)的英語資料,像課內(nèi)輔導(dǎo)書、語法書和課外的英語書籍等。但前提就是,查閱的書籍要符合老師目前的教學(xué)階段和水平,絕對不能以馬代驢,濫竽充數(shù)。查閱相關(guān)資料的目的是為了豐富備課內(nèi)容,為了讓學(xué)生吸收更好的更全面的知識,為了更好的鞏固教學(xué)效果,為教學(xué)負(fù)責(zé)。
二、精心教學(xué)
備課工作準(zhǔn)備好之后,接著是課堂教學(xué),教師要依照備課的方案及內(nèi)容來上課。教學(xué)是教師教與學(xué)生學(xué)的雙方互動性過程。抽象的說,也是一種知識的輸出與輸入的過程。學(xué)生是課堂活動的主角,是思維的主體,他們的活動應(yīng)占課堂的絕大多數(shù)時間。
教師在課堂教學(xué)當(dāng)中,需要把教學(xué)與練習(xí)相結(jié)合起來。練習(xí)是把知識轉(zhuǎn)化為技能,并進一步深化知識的過程,是提高課堂教學(xué)效率的一個重要組成部分。練的目的就是為了給學(xué)生一個實踐和檢驗的平臺,有針對性的練習(xí),能讓學(xué)生更好地掌握這一堂課所教所學(xué)的知識。學(xué)生應(yīng)該對此重視,配合老師,多做練習(xí),從而提高綜合運用知識的能力。理論與實踐相結(jié)合,實踐檢驗真理;那么,在教的階段里,用練習(xí)來檢驗教學(xué)的效果和收獲是再合適不過的。
在課堂教學(xué)的過程中,學(xué)生會遇到一些各種各樣的學(xué)習(xí)問題,對于學(xué)習(xí)初一英語的學(xué)生來說,他們遇到的問題相對比較簡單。一般在詞匯、句型和語法上。他們需要掌握的詞匯量少、句型和語法也都簡單,他們需要做的是打好基礎(chǔ),對英語有初步的入門認(rèn)識。同詞匯一樣,語法是學(xué)習(xí)英語不可缺少的一部分。很多的學(xué)生會問:老師,這個句型為什么會這么放?為什么以元音開頭的單詞要用不定冠詞an來修飾?什么叫特殊疑問句?等等的問題。有一些問題是可以解釋的,而有些則解釋不了,這些就涉及到英語中固定的搭配和語言的規(guī)范及語法。英語的語法教學(xué)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獲得英語語言內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的一般規(guī)則的教學(xué)活動,是幫助學(xué)生準(zhǔn)確地表達思想,更好的進行聽、說、讀、寫等語言實踐活動的基礎(chǔ)。由此可見語法非常的重要。
三、用心批改作業(yè)
自然地,課后工作主要就包括作業(yè)的批改及對遺漏的課堂知識的查閱補充,最后是在學(xué)生課程結(jié)束之時的相關(guān)考試工作。在臨近考試之時,教師要按照自己的教學(xué)內(nèi)容設(shè)計試卷的題型和題目數(shù)量,把它們輸入電腦,做詳細的排版并打印出來。排版是一項認(rèn)真性的工作,排版不僅要校對試題是否有打字錯誤的地方,還要力求試題版面美觀整齊。這要求教師要具備較好的文字處理能力。
那在批改作業(yè)的時候更要認(rèn)真,絕對不能以一個“閱”字就帶過,一定要根據(jù)學(xué)生作業(yè)完成的正確率來評分,根據(jù)教師個人的喜好可以用諸如:excellent、good、so-so等來點評。必要時,評上幾句肯定和鼓勵學(xué)生的話語。作業(yè)是學(xué)生自學(xué)、自我檢查的重要依據(jù)。老師在批改的過程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤要及時的糾正并做好登記。必要的時候可以把它們拿出來在課堂上進行講解,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生參與討論,啟發(fā)他們積極的思考,以便檢驗教學(xué)的效果并及時鞏固,避免學(xué)生第二次犯同樣的錯誤,以進一步促進教學(xué)的效益,即做到了有效教學(xué)。
四、耐心輔導(dǎo)
輔導(dǎo)學(xué)習(xí)是教師完成教學(xué)任務(wù)的一項重要工作。課堂的時間有限,不可能解決學(xué)生的所有問題,特別是對于人數(shù)多、水平參差不齊、成績兩極分化的班級,課下對學(xué)生進行輔導(dǎo)就顯得更為重要。它對于提高教學(xué)效率,鞏固學(xué)習(xí)成果,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)方法和自學(xué)能力,促進英語水平的提高有著重要的意義。
關(guān)鍵詞:初中英語課堂;學(xué)困生;有效性學(xué)習(xí)
英語學(xué)困生是指在學(xué)習(xí)方面發(fā)展速度慢、學(xué)習(xí)效果差的學(xué)生。他們存在或多或少的共性:對英語課提不起興趣,英語學(xué)習(xí)不得要領(lǐng),不愿參加各種英語活動,是英語學(xué)習(xí)上的“困難戶”。減少學(xué)困生的數(shù)量,縮小兩極分化是每位英語教師迫切需要解決的問題。在初中英語課堂教學(xué)活動的開展過程中,應(yīng)該多關(guān)注學(xué)習(xí)有困難的學(xué)生,讓每一個學(xué)生都不被落下。
一、 英語學(xué)困生形成的主要原因
通過對初中學(xué)生(尤其是學(xué)困生)的調(diào)查及個別訪談,經(jīng)過分析整合,得出初中英語學(xué)困生的成因主要有以下幾個方面:
1.學(xué)生啟蒙晚,基礎(chǔ)差
由于地區(qū)生源的特殊性,學(xué)生開始英語學(xué)習(xí)的時間有一定的差異,造成了學(xué)生英語水平的個體差異,這是形成英語學(xué)困生的客觀因素之一。
調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),5%的學(xué)生初中才開始真正的英語學(xué)習(xí),2%的學(xué)生五年級開始學(xué)習(xí)英語,3%的學(xué)生四年級開始學(xué)習(xí)英語,10%的學(xué)生三年級開始學(xué)習(xí)英語,80%的學(xué)生一年級開始學(xué)習(xí)英語。剛進入初一的學(xué)生,由于學(xué)習(xí)英語的起始年段不同,英語水平已不在同一起跑線上。 初一英語教師僅僅根據(jù)小學(xué)階段的分?jǐn)?shù)或等級成績很難判斷學(xué)生的實際水平,對某個具體學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣、學(xué)習(xí)成績也難以做到全面了解,因此很難把握教學(xué)難易度。
2.學(xué)習(xí)策略和學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣不科學(xué)
環(huán)境、家庭和個人等因素也造成了學(xué)生英語水平的差異。在初一階段,多數(shù)學(xué)生具備了基本的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,如集中注意力、積極思考等,但在主動預(yù)習(xí)、復(fù)習(xí)與歸納等學(xué)習(xí)策略的使用和學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣的培養(yǎng)上仍然存在個人差異。目前一些學(xué)困生的家長沒有采取有效的措施去關(guān)心教育孩子,他們對孩子雖然有期望,但往往關(guān)心不夠,晚上能關(guān)注孩子學(xué)習(xí)的比較少,有的家長只顧自己看電視、打麻將等,有的家長長期在外面做生意,無暇關(guān)心自己的子女,只會給子女錢花,他們基本上沒有時間過問子女的學(xué)習(xí)情況和培養(yǎng)子女良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。在這種寬松的環(huán)境下,這些學(xué)生因缺乏學(xué)習(xí)自覺性就容易成為學(xué)習(xí)掉隊者。調(diào)查顯示,86%的學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中能集中注意力,30%的學(xué)生總是能夠根據(jù)需要進行預(yù)習(xí)。尚有33%的學(xué)生未養(yǎng)成良好的日常預(yù)習(xí)習(xí)慣,34%的學(xué)生不能經(jīng)常對所學(xué)知識進行整理和歸納,只有54%的學(xué)生能夠經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)和運用語言規(guī)律,并做到舉一反三。有接近8%的學(xué)生從來不使用策略,高達37%的學(xué)生從來不閱讀英語讀物。雖然超過半數(shù)的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)明確,但學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度積極且真正付諸行動的學(xué)生比例卻不高。
3.學(xué)校和教師因素
從事初一英語教學(xué)的教師多為年輕教師,多數(shù)教師對小學(xué)階段所學(xué)的語法項目了解不多,描述不全面,盡管絕大多數(shù)學(xué)校進行過摸底口語或書面測試,但鮮有對學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣和策略方面的摸底調(diào)查。加之一些學(xué)校班額過大,教師很難照顧到每一個學(xué)生。在我們現(xiàn)行的教學(xué)中也還存在一定的弊端,比如視學(xué)生為知識的“容器”,不管學(xué)生的個體差異而采用“一刀切”的教學(xué)模式,這也導(dǎo)致某些學(xué)生的個性備受壓抑,久而久之,他們就會喪失學(xué)習(xí)的興趣,甚至產(chǎn)生厭學(xué)情緒。面對學(xué)困生,部分教師會感到沉重的壓力和無奈,而導(dǎo)致聽之任之,讓其自生自滅。
二、優(yōu)化課堂教學(xué),提高學(xué)習(xí)有效性
心理學(xué)家研究發(fā)現(xiàn),拉大智力差距的主要原因并不是智力本身,而是學(xué)習(xí)的毅力、自信心、欲望、動機等內(nèi)在的非智力因素。因此在充分調(diào)查和分析的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)學(xué)困生和現(xiàn)行教育教學(xué)的實際情況,我們可以采取有針對性的措施,有效激發(fā)學(xué)困生學(xué)習(xí)英語的興趣,增強其學(xué)習(xí)英語的信心,豐富其學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法,從而提高其學(xué)習(xí)的有效性。
1.用寬容的心去包容和關(guān)愛每一個學(xué)困生
如果說教師的人格力量是一種無窮的榜樣力量,那么教師的愛心就是成功教育的原動力。我國偉大的教育家陶行知先生說過:“捧著一顆心來,不帶半根草去?!边@正是教師無私奉獻愛心的典范,這種愛不僅要放在優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生身上,還要把它更多地融進學(xué)困生的心里。因為作為學(xué)困生,他們原本就缺少教師的關(guān)心,更多的則是教師恨鐵不成鋼的埋怨。因此,教師必須改變傳統(tǒng)的師生關(guān)系,把教師和學(xué)困生的關(guān)系建立在尊重、平等、理解的基礎(chǔ)上,用教師的愛來激發(fā)學(xué)困生對英語學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。為師者應(yīng)該接納和包容每一個學(xué)生,理解“尺有所長,寸有所短”,每一個個體都有其閃光點,這樣就不會因?qū)W生沉默寡言而煩心,也不會因?qū)W生經(jīng)常出錯而苦惱,就不會只鐘情于成績優(yōu)異者而忽略心靈手巧者,就不會囿于教書而疏于育人。教師需要以責(zé)人之心責(zé)己,以恕己之心恕人。我常想,不歧視學(xué)困生,是師德的底線,而只有熱愛學(xué)困生,才是師德的境界。因為關(guān)注弱勢群體,是一個社會真正文明進步的最顯著的特征。學(xué)困生由于羞怯、基礎(chǔ)差,上課往往心不在焉,更別提舉手回答問題了。在課堂教學(xué)活動的開展過程中,教師應(yīng)該多關(guān)注學(xué)習(xí)有困難的學(xué)生,給他們創(chuàng)造更多的學(xué)習(xí)機會,對于他們的回答給予充分的肯定和鼓勵, 同時也應(yīng)鼓勵學(xué)習(xí)有困難的學(xué)生敢于提出自己的問題, 幫助他們積極參與到課堂當(dāng)中來。課堂上教師的目光也應(yīng)該多停留在學(xué)習(xí)有困難的學(xué)生身上, 讓他們在與老師的溝通和交流過程中, 體會到老師對他們的關(guān)注和支持。有了老師積極的關(guān)注,學(xué)困生才會對英語學(xué)習(xí)充滿興趣。老師要善于發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)困生身上的優(yōu)點,并且能夠及時給予他們贊揚,這樣會使他們受到很大的鼓舞, 讓他們的學(xué)習(xí)更有動力, 幫助他們樹立自信心。
潤物細無聲,慢慢地,學(xué)困生會克服心理障礙,養(yǎng)成開口的習(xí)慣,他們的參與意識也大大加強,并一改以往“事不關(guān)己”的態(tài)度,課上也會常常出現(xiàn)他們表現(xiàn)的身影。蘇霍姆林斯基曾感嘆:“從我手里經(jīng)過的學(xué)生成千上萬,奇怪的是,留給我印象最深的并不是無可挑剔的模范生,而是別具特點、與眾不同的孩子。”教育的這種反差效應(yīng)告訴我們:對學(xué)困生這樣一個“與眾不同”的特殊群體,教師必須正確認(rèn)識他們,研究他們,將融融的師愛灑向他們。教師學(xué)會充分肯定這些學(xué)生的成績,正確評價這些學(xué)生,使這些學(xué)生在和諧、民主、公正的氛圍中成長,受到人格的尊重,以良好的心態(tài)面對學(xué)習(xí)。
2.加強中小學(xué)英語學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)、內(nèi)容和評價的有效銜接
小學(xué)階段的英語課程目標(biāo)是從興趣出發(fā),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的聽說能力,對讀寫的要求很低。而初中階段的課程目標(biāo)則關(guān)注對學(xué)生讀寫能力的培養(yǎng),同時注重包括聽說讀寫在內(nèi)的綜合語言運用能力的提高。我們應(yīng)依據(jù)學(xué)生已有的英語水平,找出學(xué)生英語學(xué)習(xí)的最近發(fā)展區(qū),針對初中學(xué)生提出適度的銜接目標(biāo),重點是對可考量的語言知識和語言技能進行對比和分析,以期從目標(biāo)層面發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,關(guān)注目標(biāo)間的銜接。每一級目標(biāo)都不是孤立的,而是層層遞進、呈螺旋式上升的,教學(xué)中要關(guān)注它們之間的聯(lián)系,并根據(jù)教材、課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和學(xué)生實際分層制訂教學(xué)目標(biāo)。
教師在教學(xué)內(nèi)容的設(shè)計上如果對學(xué)生的現(xiàn)實性學(xué)習(xí)缺乏充分的考慮,容易導(dǎo)致優(yōu)秀生“吃不飽”、學(xué)困生“吃不了”的現(xiàn)象。因此,我們應(yīng)試圖將小學(xué)以及初一的教學(xué)內(nèi)容在語音、詞匯、語法、功能、話題等方面進行對比性分析,尋找影響銜接的與語言學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容相關(guān)的諸多要素,從兩個學(xué)段各自的教學(xué)內(nèi)容尋找銜接的切入點。
在初一階段,教師應(yīng)對學(xué)生進行各種摸底考查,了解學(xué)生對小學(xué)英語掌握的程度,認(rèn)真研究小學(xué)英語的內(nèi)容,系統(tǒng)地組織復(fù)習(xí)。同時,初一第一學(xué)期的考試要求不宜太高,避免過難、過偏的內(nèi)容,要保護學(xué)生的積極性和自信心。可增加形成性測試和口語測試,體現(xiàn)評價方式的多樣化。通過多元化的評價方式促進學(xué)生不斷矯正自身問題,優(yōu)化學(xué)習(xí)策略。
3.優(yōu)化教學(xué)模式,激發(fā)學(xué)困生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣
有效的課堂,是給孩子想要的,給孩子需要的。 它需要教師了解學(xué)情,這樣教學(xué)才有針對性。有效的課堂,教師需要把課堂還給學(xué)生,需要把提問權(quán)、表述權(quán)、思考權(quán)、練習(xí)權(quán)還給學(xué)生,有效的課堂需要有輕度的挑戰(zhàn)感,包括知識的、能力的和思維的挑戰(zhàn)。教師的教學(xué)設(shè)計要有梯度。每堂課應(yīng)該使所有學(xué)生有收獲感,知識、能力、 思維得到提升。要兼顧到每個學(xué)生使得優(yōu)化教學(xué)模式,采用分層教學(xué)顯得尤為必要。教師在教學(xué)中要承認(rèn)差異,采取分層教學(xué)策略,因材施教,給每個學(xué)生都提供機會,評價統(tǒng)一,使學(xué)困生在每堂學(xué)習(xí)上都有所收獲,不斷增強他們學(xué)好英語的信心,消除自卑心理。一個班級視人數(shù)而定,一般可以4~6人為一小組,每組選派一個組長(一般由學(xué)困生來當(dāng)),一位“老師”,還設(shè)定“優(yōu)先發(fā)言者”,一般都是學(xué)困生,因為在展示階段要把更多機會讓給學(xué)困生。這是最基礎(chǔ)的小組合作,同時在班級設(shè)立大組,有“大組長”和“大老師”,也就是小組里解決不了的問題可以拿到大組里討論,請教“大老師”,如此解決不了的,總結(jié)起來整個班級一起討論。在小組合作學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)中要充分遵循“強教弱”“優(yōu)勢互補”的原則。小組活動項目還可以分為課堂教學(xué)活動和課外學(xué)習(xí)活動兩種,前者是學(xué)習(xí)的主渠道、重頭戲。課堂上,教師設(shè)計、提出任務(wù),學(xué)生通過小組合作共同完成任務(wù),互幫互助,更體現(xiàn)了合作、探究、體驗的教學(xué)理念。課外學(xué)習(xí)活動是小組合作學(xué)習(xí)的另一個重要組成部分,是提高英語學(xué)習(xí)的一個重要途徑。很多項目可以由課外合作途徑得以完成,如預(yù)習(xí)、作業(yè)檢查、詞句背誦、作業(yè)或試卷評改以及對學(xué)困生的輔導(dǎo)等。小組合作學(xué)習(xí)中要引進競爭機制,每天依據(jù)課堂表現(xiàn)和作業(yè)考試情況評出三個優(yōu)勝小組,這樣每組的學(xué)困生都會為本組努力奮斗。
轉(zhuǎn)化英語學(xué)困生是一項漫長的工作,教師需長期不懈地堅持,在思想上、行為上、課外課內(nèi)多下苦功夫。在教學(xué)中要給予學(xué)困生更多的關(guān)愛;優(yōu)化課堂教學(xué),讓學(xué)困生體驗成功;加強學(xué)法指導(dǎo),減輕后進生的精神壓力及強化學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)驅(qū)力;發(fā)揮集體力量,提高學(xué)困生的學(xué)習(xí)自覺性。只要我們重視英語學(xué)困生問題,盡早地重燃學(xué)困生希望的火苗,那么精誠所至,一定會金石為開。
參考文獻:
[1] 田萍.對初一英語新課程教學(xué)的思考與認(rèn)識[J].甘肅教育, 2005(Z1).
[2] 蔣建華.行動研究在中小學(xué)英語銜接教學(xué)研究中的應(yīng)用[J].中小學(xué)外語教學(xué),2005(04).
一、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)英語的興趣
1.激發(fā)直接興趣:興趣是最好的老師。只有學(xué)生感興趣的東西,他們才會積極開動腦筋,認(rèn)真思考,并以最便捷有效的方法吸收知識。初一學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動機在很大程度上隨興趣的波動而轉(zhuǎn)移。初接觸英語,他們感到特別新鮮,總想說說、念念。教師要抓住學(xué)生這個心理特點,采取簡單會話的方式,來激發(fā)他們學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。如開學(xué)的前幾周,放慢教字母的進度,加進像Good morning!等日常用句,并把這些編成對話,讓學(xué)生在課堂上練習(xí)。盡管這只有兩、三句,但學(xué)生覺得英語說起來瑯瑯上口,很有興致。我們就采取了以上的方法,課堂上讓學(xué)生反復(fù)練習(xí),課外,教師見到學(xué)生主動用Hello,how are you?等向?qū)W生打招呼,學(xué)生之間見面也樂意用所學(xué)的話問好,這樣學(xué)生首先對英語有了直接興趣。
2.采取直觀教學(xué):大部分初一學(xué)生年齡在13-14歲之間,他們的思維正在由形象化轉(zhuǎn)化為抽象化,但他們這時的抽象思維在很大程度上需要形象思維的幫助。所以,教師在教學(xué)中,必須想方設(shè)法,借助實物、圖片、幻燈等手段進行直觀教學(xué),同時要注意盡量創(chuàng)造主動的教學(xué)情景、活潑的課堂氣氛,以收到較好的教學(xué)效果。
3.擴大其興趣的廣泛性:和其它教學(xué)階段相比,初一學(xué)生負(fù)擔(dān)較輕,而且英語教學(xué)內(nèi)容比較單一,多是些機械模仿性操練。學(xué)生的積極性調(diào)動起來了,教師要抓緊時機,因勢利導(dǎo),在完成教材任務(wù)的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步幫助學(xué)生掌握更多的單詞和詞組,擴大學(xué)生興趣的廣度,為他們以后的學(xué)習(xí)打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。
二、教會學(xué)生學(xué)英語的方法
年輕教師往往知識儲備不足,教學(xué)經(jīng)驗少。除了要向有經(jīng)驗的老教師多學(xué)習(xí)外,還要不斷自學(xué),不斷總結(jié)教學(xué)經(jīng)驗。課外要舍得花時間在教學(xué)研究上。初一英語教學(xué)面對的是一群天真好動的孩子,教學(xué)方法要因人、因時、因事、因地地靈活運用,每天每節(jié)課都面臨著挑戰(zhàn)。
英語作為一門語言,不開口是不行的。然而我教的幾個班的學(xué)生大多數(shù)是從農(nóng)村來的,膽子小、害羞、不敢開口。為了打開這群“小啞巴”的嘴,我用了一些小點子來激發(fā)學(xué)生開口。例如:在課堂上先用一兩分鐘的時間給學(xué)生作值日報告,報告的內(nèi)容不拘一格,可談天氣、講故事,也可談老師、朋友、家人、愛好、愿望等,基礎(chǔ)差的學(xué)生甚至可背一段學(xué)過的文章或?qū)υ?,要求只有一個,就是能讓別人聽清你說的內(nèi)容,其他學(xué)生對今天的“報告”加以點評。這樣既激勵了學(xué)生提高口語水平,同時也避免了其他學(xué)生沒事做,而且能幫學(xué)生練習(xí)聽力。課堂一開始就有激勵學(xué)生作報告的掌聲,接著是雷鳴般的掌聲,整個課堂氣氛融洽、活躍。為了幫助學(xué)生樹立信心,我還采用了學(xué)生“領(lǐng)讀”的方法,這個“領(lǐng)讀”不完全是真正意義上的領(lǐng)讀。我先請一部分開口能力較強的學(xué)生領(lǐng)讀所教的內(nèi)容,然后請一些聲音小、基礎(chǔ)差的學(xué)生來“領(lǐng)讀”。無論是誰領(lǐng)讀,教師和學(xué)生都不能糾正他的錯誤,幫助學(xué)生樹立自信心,提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的積極性。
只有認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備、靈活運用、認(rèn)真組織,英語教學(xué)才能倍受學(xué)生喜愛。英語教學(xué)方法是無止境的,作為年輕教師應(yīng)一如既往地總結(jié)、學(xué)習(xí)、專研、挑戰(zhàn)教學(xué)方法。
三、提高學(xué)生的聽、說、讀、寫能力
“聽”是接受性的活動,但同樣可以培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造性。例如:給學(xué)生們聽一首不完整的歌詞,然后放歌曲,讓他們填寫完整,在此基礎(chǔ)上再引領(lǐng)學(xué)生們唱這首歌曲。這樣,既可以讓學(xué)生練習(xí)聽力,又可以讓他們得到音樂的享受,何樂而不為呢?“說”是培養(yǎng)語言表達能力的極好的活動形式,如果有可能的話,要多組織形式多樣的課外活動,以激發(fā)學(xué)生們說的欲望?!白x”不僅可以增強學(xué)生們的觀察力、分析能力和想像力,而且可以增強他們的預(yù)感,幫助他們開闊視野,因此要有意識地找一些不同類型的文章讓學(xué)生閱讀?!皩憽笔莿?chuàng)造思維能力的綜合表現(xiàn)。對于初二以上學(xué)生,教師完全可以布置一些命題小作文。每次作文以后,要盡可能及時改出,然后選出優(yōu)秀
的或富有新意的到班里朗讀,讓學(xué)生們互相借鑒,這對語言的學(xué)習(xí)是十分有利的。
每個人在漫長的人生旅途中會有許許多多的第一次,但能真正刻在心里成為永恒的又能有幾次呢?第一堂課的緊張與激動、第一次過教師節(jié)的感動與幸福、第一次考試時的擔(dān)心與焦急……我的這些“第一次”都僅僅屬于在貴州望謨支教的歲月,也可能成為生命當(dāng)中的“唯一一次”。這些第一次中的一幕幕不時在我的腦海里閃現(xiàn),讓我難以忘懷。
我第一次以教師身份站在講臺上時,對自己產(chǎn)生了懷疑,但當(dāng)我看到講臺下六十雙明亮、天真無邪的眼睛閃爍著對老師的崇敬信任和希望時,緊張感隨之消失,從容自信地開始了我的開場白:
“我來自江西,是江西師范大學(xué)第四屆研究生支教團的成員。從現(xiàn)在開始,我就是你們的英語老師。希望我們能一起學(xué)習(xí),共同進步,雖然我說話口音與你們不同,而且初來乍到,你們也許有些聽不懂我所說的話,但我相信我們之間的心意是相通的,因為我們有著一個共同的目的,那就是我們支教是為了使祖國的西部明天更美好,你們讀書也是為了讓自己的家鄉(xiāng)更繁榮……”
“在今后的一年里,我們將朝夕相處,在課堂上我是你們的老師,我將盡我的最大努力以及對支教工作的無限熱愛,為大家傳授知識;在課后,我希望能成為你們值得信賴的知心朋友。我不敢說在短短的三百天里,我能使大家學(xué)到許許多多的知識,但我能肯定的是,我一定能從你們身上能從引導(dǎo)你們學(xué)習(xí)的過程中學(xué)到許多。在這里,請允許我感謝大家!讓我們共同翻開新的一頁吧!”
孩子們顯然對于我這樣一位身份特殊的老師還是很好奇。趁勢,我在黑板上寫下我的大名,并借用《18歲的天空》中那位“麻辣”老師的話接著說:“我的名字叫李潔,希望你們在以后回憶起你們初一英語老師的時候,不要把我的名字記錯了?!?/p>
接著,我用英了個開場白,盡管講臺下的孩子聽不懂,但他們還是認(rèn)真地聽著。我又給他們講述了學(xué)習(xí)英語的意義,孩子們似懂非懂地報以熱烈的掌聲,用那并不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的普通話表達著他們對英語學(xué)習(xí)的渴望。
第一堂課我教授他們的是日后上英語課對老師的稱呼以及一句臨時想到的廣告詞“I Believe I Can Do”。希望他們通過這句話建立起對英語學(xué)習(xí)的信心,為此我還編了手勢和旋律讓他們邊做邊唱邊念。孩子們都聚精會神,熱情高漲,一遍一遍地努力地學(xué),就在這歌聲和笑聲中迎來了第一堂課的下課鈴聲。當(dāng)看到孩子們下了課后還在不停地重復(fù)著我上課教的手勢、聽到他們大喊剛學(xué)會的“Miss Li”時,我被初為人師的成就感和幸福感濃濃地包圍著……
雖然在以后幾個月的教書匠生涯里體會到了“上好一堂課容易,上好每節(jié)課不容易”的艱辛,但第一堂課留給我的卻是最深刻的印象。因為當(dāng)我第一次站上講臺,面對無數(shù)雙求知的眼睛時,我才突然認(rèn)清了自己,發(fā)現(xiàn)自己擁有和缺少的是什么。
期中考試是除了單元測驗之外的第一次全校性考試,它不僅是對學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)的檢驗,更是對我這個老師這一段教學(xué)的考驗和檢查。教學(xué)成果的很大一部分是由分?jǐn)?shù)來決定的,盡管有些不情愿,可那畢竟是硬通貨,外部的人就認(rèn)定這標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。所以盡管平時課文讀了又讀,知識點講了又講,可到了這個時候,心里總是覺得不踏實,尤其是考試前兩三節(jié)課,生怕自己什么地方?jīng)]講清楚或他們沒聽明白。于是我邊給孩子們打氣,邊不厭其煩地把他們有可能會犯的錯誤、容易錯的句型、經(jīng)?;煜膯卧~、可能會考到的題型總結(jié)歸納一遍遍地講,都快成口頭禪了。一見到學(xué)生們就說句子開頭要大寫、句子結(jié)束別忘記加標(biāo)點、年級班級的首字母要大寫、該變復(fù)數(shù)的地方一定要變復(fù)數(shù)、以元音音素開頭的單詞前要用an……就更不用說其他知識點了,什么可數(shù)名詞和第三人稱單數(shù)啦,什么疑問形式及答語形式啦,什么人稱代詞變成物主代詞啦,什么連詞成句和對劃線部分提問啦,什么Introduce yourself in English啦,一個點一個點地講。
在歸納總結(jié)完之后,我又強調(diào)了一些解題技巧,比如:不要求他們掌握的單詞的寫法,但是考試的時候會讓他們填單詞,那么就可以在卷子中其他的地方找,肯定會有,找到以后照抄過來就可以了。那幾節(jié)課我恨不得把肚子的墨水全部倒給他們,直到自認(rèn)為他們只要這幾節(jié)課復(fù)習(xí)課認(rèn)真聽了就至少能考80分為止,至少經(jīng)過這么一輪接一輪地連續(xù)“轟炸”,“熟能生巧,巧能生精”,他們怎么也該記住了一些,就算記不住也能看著眼熟吧。唉,真是比自己上考場都累!看了考卷之后,心中竊喜——試卷不太難,比平時的單元測驗要簡單,我們班的學(xué)生應(yīng)該考得不錯。
收了試卷回到宿舍,顧不上午休和晚飯,帶著些許期待和擔(dān)憂的心情,一口氣改完了所有的試卷后就已到深夜了,我還是堅持把兩個班的成績登記到備課本上。雖然上眼皮和下眼皮無數(shù)次地深情相擁,但無奈意識仍然清醒得要命,滿腦子都是考卷、學(xué)生、成績。想不通為什么這么簡單的題目在三班居然有近一半人不及格;想不通為什么反復(fù)講的知識點放到試卷上、放到題目中學(xué)生們還是照錯不誤。
等第二天得知其他班的成績后,才知道我的學(xué)生們這次考得還不錯??墒俏?guī)У膬蓚€班,一個班的及格人數(shù)是另一個班的一倍,最高分96,最低只有29。自己帶的兩個班成績懸殊如此之大,我這個做老師的也難辭其咎。在前半學(xué)期里,我理應(yīng)給這一百二十名學(xué)生以公平的愛,尤其是那些所謂的“差生”,可是,由于經(jīng)驗的欠缺和工作的繁忙,我沒有做到。
在這第一次考試后,我要求用他們的眼光來看我的教學(xué)的不足和以“假如我是英語老師”為內(nèi)容,給我提意見。兩天后,我的辦公桌上堆滿了隨感和日記,一種很真切的感動情不自禁從心底升起,一頁頁寫滿同學(xué)們心聲的文字猶如一幅幅鮮活的靈魂展現(xiàn)在我面前,我油然而生敬畏之情。接下來的日子里,我醉心于為學(xué)生備好每一節(jié)課,沉浸于了解每一個孩子,盡量公平地對待所有的學(xué)生……
的確,“愛學(xué)生”三個字,讀過去不用一秒鐘,做起來卻很難。學(xué)生好的時候,聽話的時候要愛他;學(xué)生不聽話的時候,氣得要命的時候也要愛他。人人都愛的乖孩子你要愛他,大家都不喜歡的孩子你更要愛他。須知道,當(dāng)學(xué)生看起來最不可愛的時候,恰恰是學(xué)生最需要愛的時候,這需要怎樣的一種寬容和博愛?這是我的第一次考試帶給我的思考。
每位中學(xué)英語教師上課都有自己不同的風(fēng)格,而幾乎每位教師的公開課和常規(guī)課都有一定區(qū)別。大家都注重上好一節(jié)公開課,都會采用不同的教學(xué)手段,且能收到良好的效果。初一年級是英語學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)階段,也是關(guān)鍵時期。教師在進行課堂教學(xué)之前需要備課,在為保證教學(xué)質(zhì)量的情況下,教師可以對個別學(xué)生做有針對性的課后輔導(dǎo)。那么,怎樣才能上好英語課呢。
1.備課
作為一名教師,在進入課堂教學(xué)之前,就要做好充分的、豐富的備課準(zhǔn)備工作。這一堂課上的成功與否,關(guān)鍵取決于備課的準(zhǔn)備是否充足。學(xué)生來學(xué)習(xí)的目的是為了獲得知識和學(xué)習(xí)的方法。那么,教師要充分站在學(xué)生的立場上思考教學(xué)和備課。有一句話這樣說:"備課就是備人"。不可否認(rèn),如果一個老師沒有站在學(xué)生的角度上去了解他們,沒有正確按照學(xué)生的水平和階段來有針對性的去備課的話,那么他在課堂教學(xué)上是沒有目的的,在教學(xué)的過程是不成功的,教學(xué)的成果也是不見成效的和失敗的。
教師應(yīng)按規(guī)定制定短期的教學(xué)工作計劃。在認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)教育教學(xué)理論和專業(yè)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,教師備課要做到"八備",即:備課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),備教材,備學(xué)生,備教案,備教法、學(xué)法,備教學(xué)器材,備情感、態(tài)度、價值觀和備習(xí)題。教師應(yīng)該認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)所教學(xué)科的課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),理解課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的指導(dǎo)思想,用創(chuàng)新的思維和理念指導(dǎo)教學(xué)實踐。同時,教師應(yīng)明確重點章節(jié)和重點課文,做到全盤統(tǒng)籌,安排和實現(xiàn)好授課計劃。
就英語來說,涉及到了詞匯、句型、短語和語法等知識點的整理、歸納和總結(jié)。在此當(dāng)中,所有的知識點大部分都歸納在語法的范圍之內(nèi)。老師需要在備課的過程中以認(rèn)真的、集中的狀態(tài)來備好這一節(jié)課。如果光是依照課本籠統(tǒng)的提到的句型或詞匯,表面的來講課是遠遠不夠的。這樣的課堂會顯得很單調(diào),學(xué)生會學(xué)不到系統(tǒng)性的知識,從而對課堂產(chǎn)生厭倦感,甚至討厭學(xué)習(xí)英語。那么,老師應(yīng)該怎么做呢?
這時,老師就需要查閱相關(guān)的英語資料,像課內(nèi)輔導(dǎo)書、語法書和課外的英語書籍等。但前提就是,查閱的書籍要符合老師目前的教學(xué)階段和水平,絕對不能以馬代驢,濫竽充數(shù)。查閱相關(guān)資料的目的是為了豐富備課內(nèi)容,為了讓學(xué)生吸收更好的更全面的知識,為了更好的鞏固教學(xué)效果,為教學(xué)負(fù)責(zé)。
2.課堂教學(xué)
備課工作準(zhǔn)備好之后,接著是課堂教學(xué),教師要依照備課的方案及內(nèi)容來上課。教學(xué)是教師教與學(xué)生學(xué)的雙方互動性過程。抽象的說,也是一種知識的輸出與輸入的過程。學(xué)生是課堂活動的主角,是思維的主體,他們的活動應(yīng)占課堂的絕大多數(shù)時間。課堂教學(xué)的必要五個環(huán)節(jié)是:①自學(xué),②議論,③點撥,④練習(xí)和⑤小結(jié)。
在課堂教學(xué)的過程中,學(xué)生會遇到一些各種各樣的學(xué)習(xí)問題,對于學(xué)習(xí)初一英語的學(xué)生來說,他們遇到的問題相對比較簡單。一般在詞匯、句型和語法上。他們需要掌握的詞匯量少、句型和語法也都簡單,他們需要做的是打好基礎(chǔ),對英語有初步的入門認(rèn)識。同詞匯一樣,語法是學(xué)習(xí)英語不可缺少的一部分。很多的學(xué)生會問:老師,這個句型為什么會這么放?為什么以元音開頭的單詞要用不定冠詞an來修飾?什么叫特殊疑問句?等等的問題。有一些問題是可以解釋的,而有些則解釋不了,這些就涉及到英語中固定的搭配和語言的規(guī)范及語法。英語的語法教學(xué)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獲得英語語言內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的一般規(guī)則的教學(xué)活動,是幫助學(xué)生準(zhǔn)確地表達思想,更好的進行聽、說、讀、寫等語言實踐活動的基礎(chǔ)。由此可見語法非常的重要。
教學(xué)練習(xí)可以是以課堂師生互動對話、提問與回答、課堂作業(yè)和n后作業(yè)等的形式來實現(xiàn)。為了便于學(xué)生活動,教師在備課時應(yīng)在為自己設(shè)計教案的同時,按照課堂教學(xué)五個步驟的教育教學(xué)內(nèi)容為學(xué)生設(shè)計同步練習(xí)的題單和學(xué)案,列出教學(xué)重點、難點、知識點、能力點、教育點,以及與教學(xué)同步的諸如模仿、替換、填空、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)換、補全對話、思考、討論、辯論等口頭或筆頭的練習(xí)題或檢測題,來供學(xué)生在不同階段活動時使用,同時也是考查學(xué)生平時表現(xiàn)的依據(jù)。教學(xué)的目標(biāo)要科學(xué)、具體、準(zhǔn)確,切忌一般化和抽象化。
3.課后工作
課后工作主要就包括作業(yè)的批改及對遺漏的課堂知識的查閱補充,最后是在學(xué)生課程結(jié)束之時的相關(guān)考試工作。在臨近考試之時,教師要按照自己的教學(xué)內(nèi)容設(shè)計試卷的題型和題目數(shù)量,把它們輸入電腦,做詳細的排版并打印出來。排版是一項認(rèn)真性的工作,排版不僅要校對試題是否有打字錯誤的地方,還要力求試題版面美觀整齊。這要求教師要具備較好的文字處理能力。
那在批改作業(yè)的時候更要認(rèn)真,絕對不能以一個"閱"字就帶過,一定要根據(jù)學(xué)生作業(yè)完成的正確率來評分,根據(jù)教師個人的喜好可以用諸如:excellent、good、so-so等來點評。必要時,評上幾句肯定和鼓勵學(xué)生的話語。作業(yè)是學(xué)生自學(xué)、自我檢查的重要依據(jù)。老師在批改的過程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤要及時的糾正并做好登記。必要的時候可以把它們拿出來在課堂上進行講解,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生參與討論,啟發(fā)他們積極的思考,以便檢驗教學(xué)的效果并及時鞏固,避免學(xué)生第二次犯同樣的錯誤,以進一步促進教學(xué)的效益,即做到了有效教學(xué)。
4.課后輔導(dǎo)